Double-acting reciprocating motor.



No. 773,261. PATENTED OOT. 25, 1904.

A A. LANDON. v DOUBLE ACTING REGIPROGATING MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.12. 1904.

N0 MODEL.

. 4 A, respectively, Fig. 1.

UNTTED STATES Patented October 25, 1904.

PATENT Price.

A ARCHER LANDON, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 773,261, dated October 25, 1904.

Application filed August 12, 1904. Serial No. 220, l69. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, A ARoHnR LANDON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Double-Acting Reciprocating Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to double-acting reciprocating motors or engines, and more particularly to portable pneumatic tools adapted for use in foundries for ramming'and tamping sand molds and cores, for riveting, and other analogous uses. 7

The object of the invention is to provide an efficientreciprocating motor or engine of very simple, compact, inexpensive, and durable construction.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure l is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a reciprocating' motor embodying the invention, showing the position of the parts when the piston is moving in one direction. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the position of the parts when the piston is moving in the opposite direction. Figs. 3 and i are transverse sectional elevations thereof in lines 3 3 and Fig. 5 is a transverse section thereof in line 5 5, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is an elevation thereof with the cylinder in section to expose the internal parts.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents a cylinder which may be of any suitable construction, that shown in the drawings consisting of a cylindrical barrel or shell having its ends closed byscrew-heads a, which are provided with stufiing-boxes b of any usual or suitable form for the passage of the piston-rod.

U represents a piston-rod which preferably extends longitudinally through the cylinder and through the stuffing-boxes in the opposite heads thereof. The piston-rod is held from turning in the cylinder by suitable means. For instance, the piston-rod is provided with one or more flat faces 0, and the hole in the cylinderhead, through which this portion of the pistonrod passes, is similarly shaped. The piston-rod is provided with longitudinal inlet and exhaust passages D D, respectively, for the compressed air or other motive fluid by which the motor is operated. The inlet-passage D leads from one end of the piston-rod, where it connects with a flexible fluid-supply hose (Z, which is coupled to the end of the piston-rod, while the exhaust-passage preferably communicates with the atmosphere by a lateral dischargeport cZ. The other end of the piston-rod may be provided with or constitute a tamping or other tool.

E represents the piston, which also constitutes the valve for controlling the admission and exit of motive fluid to and from the cylinder on opposite sides of the piston. The latter in the construction illustrated comprises a fixed part, collar, or enlargement F on the piston-rod and a hollow cylindrical part or shell F, which incloses and is permitted a limited oscillating movement about the fixed collar or enlargement F on the piston-rod. The piston-shell is made of separate connected sections, enabling it to be placed over the fixed part or collar F. The latter is provided with an open-ended inlet-passage Gr, extending longitudinally therethrough and connecting with the inlet-passage D in the piston-rod, and the fixed part or collar has a similar through exhaust-passage G, which connects with the exhaust-passage D in the piston-rod. The hollow piston shell or part is provided in its opposite ends with inletports h h and with exhaustports 2' 2 In one position of the oscillating piston-shell the inlet-port it at one end registers with the inlet-passage Gr of the fixed collar, while the exhaust-port t" at the opposite end registers with the exhaust passage Gr in the fixed collar, thus permitting motive fluid to enter the cylinder in rear of the piston, whereby the motive fluid drives the piston in one direction or forwardly, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2. When the piston-shell is oscillated on the piston-rod, the inlet and exhaust ports it and 2" are cut off or closed and the other inlet and exhaust ports, 7t and 2', caused to register with the inlet and exhaust passages G (3H, respectively, whereby the motive lluid enters the cylinder in front of the piston and exhausts therefrom in rear of the piston and drives the latter in the opposite direction, or rearwardly, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1. The oscillation of the shell is limited by suitable means, such as a screw or pin 1", Figs. 1, 2, and 5, on the shell projecting into a circumferential slot 71" in the fixed collar. To shift or oscillate the hollow piston-shell in opposite directions at opposite ends of its stroke, it is preferably provided at opposite ends with one or more inclined faces K, adapted to engage corresponding inclined faces L L on the inner ends of the opposite heads of the cylinder. The relation of the inclined faces at the opposite ends of the cylinder to those on the opposite ends of the piston-shell is such that when the piston moves in one direction the inclined faces at one end of the shell strike the inclined faces L at one end of the cylinder, thereby oscillating the piston-shell in one dirction, while in the opposite movement of the piston the other inclined faces thereon strike the inclined faces L at the opposite end of the cylinder and the piston-shell is oscillated in the opposite direction, thus causing the alternate registration of the two sets of inlet and exhaust ports in the piston-shell with the inlet and exhaust passages G (i in the fixed collar. Instead of providing inclined faces both on the pistonshell and ends of the cylinder an inclined face could be provided on either of the parts to engage a cooperating projection or portion on the other part.

The operation of the motor is as follows: The piston-rod being connected to a suitable source of air or other motive fluid under pressure and the parts in the position shown in Fig. 2, the motive fluid will enter the cylinder in rear of the piston through the inlet-passages D and G and port it and will drive the piston forwardly, as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2, the fluid in advance of the piston exhausting through the exhaust-port '27 and passages G11). W hen the piston reaches the forward end of the cylinder, the engagement of the inclined faces K and L on the piston-shell and front end of the cylinder cause the shell to turn on the fixed collarF and cut off the ports 7/. and v," and place the other ports, 71 and 1', in register with the inlet and exhaust passages G (1" in the fixed collar. Themotive fluid will then enter the front end of the cylinder through the passages D and G and port it and will exhaust from the cylinder on the other side of the piston through a port 2' and passages G and 1), thus driving the piston in the opposite direction, or rearwardly, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1. When the piston reaches the end of its return stroke, the piston-shell is turned back to its initial position by the engagement of its inclined faces K and the inclined faces L on the cylind er, and the piston is again moved forwardly, as explained.

Manifestly instead of the oscillating hollow shell a solid oscillating part confined between disks or flanges on the piston-rod could be employed without departing from the invention, and instead of extending the piston-rod through the opposite heads of the cylinder for application of a tool at one end and for connection with the fluid-supply pipe at the other end other means of connecting the piston with the fluid-supply could be used.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination of a cylinder, a piston therein provided with an oscillating part and with means for admitting and exhausting motive fluid to and from the cylinder, and cooperating means on the cylinder and piston for oscillating said part of the latter to admit and exhaust fluid to and from the cylinder on opposite sides of the piston, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of a cylinder, a piston therein comprising a fixed part and a part capable of oscillation relative to the fixed part, said parts having cooperating fluid admission and exhaust ports, and cooperating means on the cylinder and oscillating part of the piston for oscillating the latter to admit and exhaust fluid to and. from the cylinder at opposite sides of the piston, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a cylinder, a pistonrod provided with fluid. admission and exhaust passages, a fixed collar on said piston rod within the cylinder having ports connecting with said admission and exhaust passages, a hollow piston-shell inclosing said collar and adapted to oscillate about the same and provided with ports to register with said ports in the collar, and means for oscillating said shell, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of a cylinder, a pistonrod provided with fluid admission. and exhaust passages, a fixed collar on said piston rod within the cylinder having ports connecting with said admission and exhaust passages, a hollow piston-shell loosely inclosing said collar and having ports to register with said ports in the collar, and cooperating inclined faces on the opposite ends of said piston-shell and at the opposite ends of the cylinder for oscillating said piston-shell alternately in opposite directions, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a cylinder, a piston rod extending through opposite heads of the cylinder, and provided at one end with fluid admission and exhaust passages, means for means for oscillating said shell, substantially holding the piston-rod from turning, a fixed as set forth. TO collar on said piston-rod Within the cylinder Witness my hand this'8th day of August, having ports connecting with said admission 1904.

and exhaust passages, a hollow piston-shell A ARCHER LANDON. inclosing said collar and adapted to oscillate Witnesses:v

about the same, and provided With ports to E. C. HARD,

register with said ports in the collar, and C. B. HORNBECK. 

